If we see the number of rivers, ponds, dams, we find huge opportunities in fisheries. For fishery more water is required and it is available in the State. Thai is the reason 1.462 lakh hectare water area is being used for fishery and it is 11.83 percent of total water area.

OBJECTIVES:

Objectives of the study are to find out the number of persons employed in fisheries and to suggest some policy measures on the findings of the results.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

This study is based on the secondary data which are collected from fishery department and is published by State government. Percentage method has been used to find the growth rate. Average fishery development rate from the year 2001-2008 has been analysed. The following table illustrate the development rate.

Study of Analysis:

Table 1.1: Resources of Fishery Development (Area in hectare)

YEAR	NO OF PONDS	AVAILABLE AREA (hect.)
2000-01	46817	144285
2001-02	49809	147200
2002-03	54485	153800
2003-04	54485	153800
2004-05	55585	154900
2005-06	55585	154900
2006-07	55945	155300
2007-08	58861	157900

From the table 1.1 we find that in the year 2000-01, the number of ponds were 46817 which have risen to 58861 in the year 2007-08. In the same way available area for fishing was 144285 lakh hectare in the year 2000-01 and it has risen to 157900 lakh hectare in the year 2007-08. From the table tis is clear that fishery development has taken place regularly.

Table 1.2: Development of fishery

YEAR	TARGET (lakh)	ACTUAL PRODUCTION (lakh)	PERCENTAGE
2000-01	4079	2867	70.28
2001-02	3600	3329	92.47
2002-03	4045	3233	79.92
2003-04	4200	3678	87.57
2004-05	4620	4613	99.04
2005-06	4960	5055	101.91
2006-07	5915	5917	100.03
2007-08	6400	6496	101.05

From table 1.2 it is clear that in the year 2000-01 the target of production of fish was 4079 lakh but the target of 70.28 percentage(2867 lakh) could be achieved where as in the year 2007-08 the target was 6400 lakh and from that target101.05 percentage could be achieved from that it is clear that from 200-01 to 2007-08 there has been continue growth in the produddcion of the fishery .

Table 1.3: Training of Fihsherman

YEAR	NO OF TRAINED BENEFICIERIES	EMPLOYMENT PROVEVIDE IN LAKH HUMAN DAYS
2000-01	1814	89
2001-02	2030	81
2002-03	1226	78
2003-04	1886	101
2004-05	2469	100
1002005-06	2667	78
2006-07	6590	75
2007-08	6147	83

From the table 1.3 it is clear that in the year 2000-01, 1814 beneficiaries were trained which provide job to 89 lakh people where a in the year 2007-08, 6147 beneficiaries were trained and they provided job to 83 lakh people which is low as compared to provided to beneficiaries. This table also proves that beneficiaries are still not able the scheme of the government.

Table 1.4: Fish production

YEAR	TARGET (lakh)	ACTUAL PRODUCTION (lakh)	PERCENTAGE
2000-01	89271	93006	104.17
2001-02	90172	95872	106.32
2002-03	96125	99800	103.82
2003-04	96341	110520	114.71
2004-05	103000	120072	116.57
2005-06	104000	131751	126.68
2006-07	113970	137753	120.86
2007-08	141950	139373	98.18

From the table 1.4 it is clear that the target for the production of the fist was kept 89271 metric ton for the year 2001 from that 104.17 percent (930000 metric ton) could be achieved where as for the year 2007-08, the target of 98018 percent (139373 metric tons) could be achieved. Now it is clear that production has gone down because the target is high and less number of employability.

Table 1.5: Annual Fish Production Rate

YEAR	TARGET (LAKH TO)	FISH PROCTION (Lakh ton)	NUMBER OF EMPLOYMENT (lakh)	ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (%)
2000-01	89271	93000	89	-
2001-02	90172	95872	81	3.08
2002-03	96125	99800	78	4.09
2003-04	96341	110520	101	10.74
2004-05	96341	120072	101	8.64
2005-06	104000	131751	78	9.72
2006-07	113970	137753	75	4.55
2007-08	141950	139373	83	1.17

From the table 1.5 it is clear that during the study period (2000-01 to 2007-08) the total fish production was 928141 lakh ton out of that maximum production was 110520 lakh ton for the year 2003-04. The main reason behind that was increase in no. of days of employment. This year 101 lakh man day employment was provided. If we see annual production rate then we find that during the year 2003-04. The main reason behind that was increase in no. of days of employment was provided. If we see annual production rate then we find that during the year 2003-04 it was maximum and it was minimum in the year 2007-08 (1.17%). The reason behind this is increase in target and decrease in employment.

Even in the state, fishery has been occupation of people since long time the demand of fish has increased because the state is mostly tribal belt and people use to take it as major food that is the reason why government is paying attention towards fishery the government develops many schemes and policy for the development of fishery at the same time the price is found to be reasonable and accessibility of the market that leads to the development of fishery that is the reason why government is developing many schemes as follows.

In the state there are 07 fishery development authorities according to them the pond is given for the space of 5 year and also financial assistance is provided to them. Apart from it fishery development authority provides training Rs. 600 is given to trainee. According to the plan for the plan for the year 2003-04 target of training 850 people was kept where as 841 people were trained. In the same way for the year 2003-04, 797 ponds were given to 2586 beneficiaries and for the year 2004-05, 264 pond were distributed among 715 beneficiaries.

From the point of safety 24383 beneficiaries where insured in the year 2002-04 whereas for the year 2005-06, 32856 fishermen were insured according to that for partial disability Rs. 50000 was to be given and for permanent disability 100000 was to be given to the concern person.

According to fishermen residential scheme they were provided residence near the pond which was afforded 50 percent by central government and 50 percent by state government. Within that scheme 100 residence was provided to the beneficiaries.

There is provision of financial assistance for the beneficiaries for the year 2009-10, the number of committee was 919 and according to that the number of member of that committee is 28863. There is provision for financial, boat, leasing of pond and credit is also available.

For the year 2008-09 rupees 58 lakhs was allocated by the state government for fishery production and development and to make the state confident. Required efforts are being made by the government of the development of fishery. At the time of formation of state 25 crore fish production was taking place and it has risen to 65 crore. And in the field of the fishery development over the past four years it is 114% more. 48 hatcheries are under operation within that 23 are departmental, 06 of union and rest 19 are of private sector and the total area of these hatcheries is 96.11 hectare . In the same way fish production is done in 32 other areas and its total area area is 39.35 hectare. In the state, for prong production, there is only one hatchery that is at Abhanpur which is under Raipur District.

A finer development has taken place in the state. At the time of formation of state 80,000 metric tons was the production of fish. Now 1.37 lakh metric tons production is taking place. In state fish production in rural area is 2485 Kg./hec and in case of dam it is 113 kg/hec. Which is more in national production? Nawadays more and more beneficiaries are being benefited from the occupation of fish production.

PROBLEMS:

All the programs are implemented by the government but the result is not according to that level. Following are the reasons:

· Almost maximum fishermen are poor so they can't enjoy the government plans.

· Lack of education which a major reason behind the failure of the government scheme.

· Training is not being provided at a particular time to fishermen.

· Lack of advance technology and lack of sufficient quantities of seeds.

SUGGESTIONS:

· Simplifying the credit policy.

· Creating awareness among the people.

· Supplying proper quantity of seeds.

· Providing training to the rural people time to time.

· Leasing term should be extended.

· Proper utilization of resource.

· Price should be fixed for selling fish.

· Proper market must be provided to them.

· Residential facility for the beneficiary must be implemented.

· To follow the rules of the government honestly.

From the above discussion it is clear that the state and central government are planning that must be implemented honestly and skillfully. Then it will be helpful for the income of the state and also this will develop state economically.

REFERENCE:

1. Chhattisgarh Govt. Economic Survey 2007-2008.

2. Govt. of India; Economy, latest edition, Himalayan Publishing House, Mumbai.

Received on 25.08.2011

Accepted on 12.09.2011